Species · BBS 2025 Release · 1966–2024

Common Nighthawk

Common Nighthawk has held roughly steady: down 8% on the route-weighted index since 1968.

About the Common Nighthawk

The Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor) is a North American member of the Nightjars & Nighthawks (Caprimulgidae). In this analysis it is grouped with the aerial insectivores.

Size
7.5–12 in long (19–30 cm) — a cryptic, big-mouthed bird (typical for the family)
Habitat
Open airspace over fields, water and towns; nests in cavities, earthen banks or on structures.
Diet
Flying insects caught on the wing.
Range
Recorded on 2,540 Breeding Bird Survey routes across 49 states, most concentrated in the Great Basin.
Family
Caprimulgidae · Aerial insectivores

Notable Common Nighthawk TrendsNotable signalsLong-arc shifts the engine flags automatically — sustained declines or increases large enough to stand out from year-to-year noise.Full methodology →

No notable trend signals for Common Nighthawk. See the full index history below.

Common Nighthawk Population Forecast

If the recent trend holds, Common Nighthawk is projected to stay roughly flat through 2029, near 1.2 (95% range 0.76–1.6). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±8%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.

If the recent trend holds, Common Nighthawk is projected to stay roughly flat through 2029, near 1.2 (95% range 0.76–1.6). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±8%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.19662029
Projection of the recent trend (dashed) with 80/95% bands — a projection, not a prediction. Habitat, climate, and land use are not modeled.
YearProjected indexProjected indexThe central forecast of the abundance index if the recent trend continues. A projection of the current trajectory, not a prediction.Full methodology →95% low95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →95% high95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →
20251.20.801.6
20261.20.791.6
20271.20.781.6
20281.20.771.6
20291.20.761.6

Where the Common Nighthawk Is Detected

BBS routes recording Common Nighthawk, sized by most recent count.

Common Nighthawk Population Trend by State

Common Nighthawk population trend by state.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Alabama-90%196861
Alaskainsufficient datan/a3
Arizona-84%197040
Arkansas-53%196933
California+214%197081
Colorado+83%1970145
Connecticutinsufficient datan/a1
Delaware-89%19695
Florida-63%1968123
Georgia-80%196862
Idaho+162%197052
Illinois-27%196956
Indiana-53%197721
Iowa-24%196930
Kansas+148%196966
Kentucky-85%196828
Louisiana-90%196973
Maine-54%197333
Maryland-31%19698
Massachusettsinsufficient datan/a4
Michigan-13%196857
Minnesota-74%196945
Mississippi-94%196834
Missouri+48%196944
Montana+24%1970106
Nebraska+365%196967
Nevada-19%197041
New Hampshire-58%19708
New Jersey+9%196811
New Mexico-66%197085
New York-35%196921
North Carolina-49%196846
North Dakota+92%196937
Ohio-46%196926
Oklahoma+141%196967
Oregon-4%1970121
Pennsylvania-73%197033
Rhode Islandinsufficient datan/a2
South Carolina-39%196828
South Dakota+195%196962
Tennessee-88%196828
Texas-62%1969240
Utah-36%1970101
Vermontinsufficient datan/a5
Virginia-81%197011
Washington+101%1970101
West Virginiainsufficient datan/a5
Wisconsin-79%196853
Wyoming+51%1970130

Common Nighthawk Population Trend by Region

Bird Conservation Regions are the ecological unit for trends.

Common Nighthawk population trend by Bird Conservation Region.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Northern Pacific Rainforest-76%197084
Great Basin+14%1970247
Northern Rockies+127%1970198
Prairie Potholes+319%196982
Boreal Hardwood Transition-61%196971
Lower Great Lakes / St. Lawrence Plain-64%196924
Atlantic Northern Forest-45%196945
Sierra Nevada+142%197223
Southern Rockies / Colorado Plateau-53%1970210
Badlands and Prairies+109%1969138
Shortgrass Prairie-1%1969132
Central Mixed Grass Prairie+127%1969124
Edwards Plateau-40%196920
Oaks and Prairies-68%196973
Eastern Tallgrass Prairie+32%1968158
Prairie Hardwood Transition-64%196885
Central Hardwoods-95%196870
West Gulf Coastal Plain / Ouachitas-84%196970
Mississippi Alluvial Valley+13%196944
Southeastern Coastal Plain-67%1968242
Appalachian Mountains-94%196870
Piedmont-97%196844
New England / Mid-Atlantic Coast-67%196828
Peninsular Florida-67%196880
Coastal California-75%197016
Sonoran and Mojave Deserts-81%19954
Sierra Madre Occidental-73%197027
Chihuahuan Desert-50%196955
Tamaulipan Brushlands-82%196928
Gulf Coastal Prairie-64%196947

Common Nighthawk Conservation Status

Our route-weighted index shows it down about 8% since 1968. Aerial insectivores have fallen sharply across the continent, a decline widely linked to dwindling insect prey.

Source: USGS North American Breeding Bird Survey, retrieved 2026-05-22. Trend is a route-weighted relative-abundance index, not an absolute population.