Species · BBS 2025 Release · 1966–2024

American Goldfinch

American Goldfinch has declined: down 39% on the route-weighted index since 1968.

About the American Goldfinch

A small, bright-yellow finch of weedy fields and gardens, the American Goldfinch is a near-strict vegetarian that nests late to match the summer seed crop.

Size
4.5–5.5 in long, about 0.5 oz (11–14 cm, 13 g)
Habitat
Woodlands and forest edges, including wooded suburbs and parks.
Diet
Almost exclusively seeds, especially thistle and other composites.
Range
Recorded on 3,018 Breeding Bird Survey routes across 46 states, most concentrated in the Appalachian Mountains.
Family
Fringillidae · Forest birds
Conservation
Least Concern

Notable American Goldfinch TrendsNotable signalsLong-arc shifts the engine flags automatically — sustained declines or increases large enough to stand out from year-to-year noise.Full methodology →

No notable trend signals for American Goldfinch. See the full index history below.

American Goldfinch Population Forecast

If the recent trend holds, American Goldfinch is projected to stay roughly flat through 2029, near 5.8 (95% range 3.9–7.7). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±11%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.

If the recent trend holds, American Goldfinch is projected to stay roughly flat through 2029, near 5.8 (95% range 3.9–7.7). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±11%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.19662029
Projection of the recent trend (dashed) with 80/95% bands — a projection, not a prediction. Habitat, climate, and land use are not modeled.
YearProjected indexProjected indexThe central forecast of the abundance index if the recent trend continues. A projection of the current trajectory, not a prediction.Full methodology →95% low95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →95% high95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →
20255.94.07.8
20265.94.07.8
20275.94.07.7
20285.84.07.7
20295.83.97.7

Where the American Goldfinch Is Detected

BBS routes recording American Goldfinch, sized by most recent count.

American Goldfinch Population Trend by State

American Goldfinch population trend by state.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Alabama+41%196878
Arkansas+58%196946
California-10%1970146
Colorado+186%1970106
Connecticut+117%196820
Delaware+142%196817
Georgia+152%196881
Idaho+19%197046
Illinois-1%1968105
Indiana-8%196869
Iowa-60%196939
Kansas-9%196963
Kentucky-39%196864
Louisianainsufficient datan/a1
Maine-46%196878
Maryland+66%196876
Massachusetts+233%196832
Michigan-50%1968107
Minnesota+14%196992
Mississippi+124%197129
Missouri+6%196993
Montana+47%197099
Nebraska+74%196974
Nevada+14%199610
New Hampshire+13%196826
New Jersey+249%196841
New Mexico-64%199211
New York-18%1968129
North Carolina+276%1968105
North Dakota+5%196951
Ohio+1%196889
Oklahoma-57%196958
Oregon-59%1970100
Pennsylvania-25%1968137
Rhode Island+127%19687
South Carolina22×196937
South Dakota-12%196962
Tennessee+66%196855
Texasinsufficient datan/a9
Utah+24%197164
Vermont-44%196826
Virginia+46%196888
Washington-46%197099
West Virginia-47%196863
Wisconsin-14%196898
Wyoming+43%197092

American Goldfinch Population Trend by Region

Bird Conservation Regions are the ecological unit for trends.

American Goldfinch population trend by Bird Conservation Region.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Northern Pacific Rainforest-57%1970107
Great Basin+39%1970149
Northern Rockies-19%1970164
Prairie Potholes-10%1969121
Boreal Hardwood Transition-40%1968126
Lower Great Lakes / St. Lawrence Plain-19%196886
Atlantic Northern Forest-33%1968156
Sierra Nevada-97%197017
Southern Rockies / Colorado Plateau+258%1970124
Badlands and Prairies+62%1969119
Shortgrass Prairie+97%196961
Central Mixed Grass Prairie+35%196997
Oaks and Prairies-81%196916
Eastern Tallgrass Prairie-16%1968278
Prairie Hardwood Transition-9%1968161
Central Hardwoods-5%1968165
West Gulf Coastal Plain / Ouachitas-72%196936
Mississippi Alluvial Valley+26%196825
Southeastern Coastal Plain+205%1968177
Appalachian Mountains-22%1968404
Piedmont+54%1968170
New England / Mid-Atlantic Coast+124%1968162
Coastal California+54%197085

American Goldfinch Conservation Status

Least Concern

The IUCN Red List rates this species as Least Concern. Our route-weighted index shows it down about 39% since 1968.

Source: USGS North American Breeding Bird Survey, retrieved 2026-05-22. Trend is a route-weighted relative-abundance index, not an absolute population.