Species · BBS 2025 Release · 1966–2024

Blue Grosbeak

CardinalidaeForest birdsPasserina caerulea

Blue Grosbeak has risen sharply: up 64% on the route-weighted index since 1968.

About the Blue Grosbeak

The Blue Grosbeak (Passerina caerulea) is a North American member of the Cardinals & Grosbeaks (Cardinalidae). In this analysis it is grouped with the forest birds.

Size
4.5–8.5 in long (12–22 cm) — a medium songbird (typical for the family)
Habitat
Woodlands and forest edges, including wooded suburbs and parks.
Diet
Insects and spiders gleaned from foliage and bark, with seeds and berries in season.
Range
Recorded on 2,079 Breeding Bird Survey routes across 38 states, most concentrated in the Southeastern Coastal Plain.
Family
Cardinalidae · Forest birds

Notable Blue Grosbeak TrendsNotable signalsLong-arc shifts the engine flags automatically — sustained declines or increases large enough to stand out from year-to-year noise.Full methodology →

Blue Grosbeak has risen sharply in surveyed states: up 64% on the route-weighted index since 1968.

Blue Grosbeak Population Forecast

If the recent trend holds, Blue Grosbeak is projected to stay roughly flat through 2029, near 2.6 (95% range 2.2–2.9). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±3.2%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.

If the recent trend holds, Blue Grosbeak is projected to stay roughly flat through 2029, near 2.6 (95% range 2.2–2.9). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±3.2%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.19662029
Projection of the recent trend (dashed) with 80/95% bands — a projection, not a prediction. Habitat, climate, and land use are not modeled.
YearProjected indexProjected indexThe central forecast of the abundance index if the recent trend continues. A projection of the current trajectory, not a prediction.Full methodology →95% low95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →95% high95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →
20252.52.22.8
20262.52.22.8
20272.52.22.9
20282.52.22.9
20292.62.22.9

Where the Blue Grosbeak Is Detected

BBS routes recording Blue Grosbeak, sized by most recent count.

Blue Grosbeak Population Trend by State

Blue Grosbeak population trend by state.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Alabama+19%1968108
Arizona+65%197044
Arkansas+57%196961
California+16%197171
Colorado+74%197186
Delaware+564%196817
Florida+90%196874
Georgia-9%1968109
Idahoinsufficient datan/a2
Illinois46×196877
Indiana33×197344
Iowa+344%197017
Kansas+181%196965
Kentucky28×196856
Louisiana+290%196984
Maryland+209%196869
Minnesota-19%197710
Mississippi+61%196874
Missouri+80%196990
Montanainsufficient datan/a1
Nebraska+269%196970
Nevada+94%19718
New Jersey+142%196922
New Mexico+473%197079
New Yorkinsufficient datan/a1
North Carolina+50%1968101
North Dakota+146%20108
Ohio15×198516
Oklahoma+71%196970
Pennsylvania-77%197624
South Carolina-4%196851
South Dakota+149%196934
Tennessee+352%196853
Texas+85%1969232
Utah+26%197940
Virginia+104%196874
West Virginia-28%197522
Wyoming+149%198615

Blue Grosbeak Population Trend by Region

Bird Conservation Regions are the ecological unit for trends.

Blue Grosbeak population trend by Bird Conservation Region.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Great Basin-43%197113
Northern Rockies+333%199211
Prairie Potholes+148%196931
Southern Rockies / Colorado Plateau+168%1970112
Badlands and Prairies-8%196935
Shortgrass Prairie+305%1969122
Central Mixed Grass Prairie+151%1969126
Edwards Plateau+657%196920
Oaks and Prairies-16%196968
Eastern Tallgrass Prairie13×1968187
Central Hardwoods+268%1968161
West Gulf Coastal Plain / Ouachitas+32%1969108
Mississippi Alluvial Valley+845%196866
Southeastern Coastal Plain+100%1968342
Appalachian Mountains-13%1968163
Piedmont+15%1968154
New England / Mid-Atlantic Coast+213%196892
Peninsular Florida+90%196830
Coastal California+63%197153
Sonoran and Mojave Deserts-45%197031
Sierra Madre Occidental+25%197028
Chihuahuan Desert+239%196956
Tamaulipan Brushlands-21%196928
Gulf Coastal Prairie+599%197533

Blue Grosbeak Conservation Status

Our route-weighted index shows it up about 64% since 1968.

Source: USGS North American Breeding Bird Survey, retrieved 2026-05-22. Trend is a route-weighted relative-abundance index, not an absolute population.