Species · BBS 2025 Release · 1966–2024

Eastern Wood-Pewee

Eastern Wood-Pewee has edged down: down 13% on the route-weighted index since 1968.

About the Eastern Wood-Pewee

The Eastern Wood-Pewee (Contopus virens) is a North American member of the Tyrant Flycatchers (Tyrannidae). In this analysis it is grouped with the aerial insectivores.

Size
4.5–9 in long (12–23 cm) — a small to medium flycatcher (typical for the family)
Habitat
Open airspace over fields, water and towns; nests in cavities, earthen banks or on structures.
Diet
Flying insects caught on the wing.
Range
Recorded on 2,446 Breeding Bird Survey routes across 38 states, most concentrated in the Appalachian Mountains.
Family
Tyrannidae · Aerial insectivores

Notable Eastern Wood-Pewee TrendsNotable signalsLong-arc shifts the engine flags automatically — sustained declines or increases large enough to stand out from year-to-year noise.Full methodology →

No notable trend signals for Eastern Wood-Pewee. See the full index history below.

Eastern Wood-Pewee Population Forecast

If the recent trend holds, Eastern Wood-Pewee is projected to fall about 26% by 2029 — from 3.4 in 2024 to a central estimate of 2.6 (95% range 1.8–3.4). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±27%, with 20% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.

If the recent trend holds, Eastern Wood-Pewee is projected to fall about 26% by 2029 — from 3.4 in 2024 to a central estimate of 2.6 (95% range 1.8–3.4). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±27%, with 20% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.19662029
Projection of the recent trend (dashed) with 80/95% bands — a projection, not a prediction. Habitat, climate, and land use are not modeled.
YearProjected indexProjected indexThe central forecast of the abundance index if the recent trend continues. A projection of the current trajectory, not a prediction.Full methodology →95% low95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →95% high95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →
20252.61.83.4
20262.61.83.4
20272.61.83.4
20282.61.83.4
20292.61.83.4

Where the Eastern Wood-Pewee Is Detected

BBS routes recording Eastern Wood-Pewee, sized by most recent count.

Eastern Wood-Pewee Population Trend by State

Eastern Wood-Pewee population trend by state.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Alabama-36%1968102
Arkansas-6%196961
Connecticut+31%196820
Delaware+93%196817
Florida-86%196845
Georgia-34%1968108
Illinois+203%1968104
Indiana+62%196868
Iowa+14%196939
Kansas+188%196950
Kentucky+9%196864
Louisiana-22%196975
Maine-38%196876
Maryland+93%196876
Massachusetts+66%196832
Michigan+148%1968108
Minnesota+64%196991
Mississippi+135%196874
Missouri+158%196992
Montanainsufficient datan/a1
Nebraska+175%196934
New Hampshire+4%196825
New Jersey+384%196841
New York+106%1968128
North Carolina-51%1968112
North Dakota+161%196921
Ohio+84%196889
Oklahoma+14%196951
Pennsylvania+101%1968136
Rhode Island+146%19687
South Carolina+22%196850
South Dakota+37%196914
Tennessee+20%196855
Texas-65%1969105
Vermont-17%196826
Virginia+15%196888
West Virginia-23%196863
Wisconsin+61%196898

Eastern Wood-Pewee Population Trend by Region

Bird Conservation Regions are the ecological unit for trends.

Eastern Wood-Pewee population trend by Bird Conservation Region.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Prairie Potholes+88%196977
Boreal Hardwood Transition+7%1968127
Lower Great Lakes / St. Lawrence Plain+88%196886
Atlantic Northern Forest+15%1968153
Central Mixed Grass Prairie+121%196966
Edwards Plateau+5%197016
Oaks and Prairies-35%196956
Eastern Tallgrass Prairie+150%1968276
Prairie Hardwood Transition+134%1968160
Central Hardwoods+38%1968166
West Gulf Coastal Plain / Ouachitas-47%1969108
Mississippi Alluvial Valley+14%196863
Southeastern Coastal Plain+11%1968323
Appalachian Mountains+24%1968405
Piedmont-7%1968169
New England / Mid-Atlantic Coast+69%1968161
Peninsular Florida-89%196912
Gulf Coastal Prairie-62%197215

Eastern Wood-Pewee Conservation Status

Our route-weighted index shows it down about 13% since 1968. Aerial insectivores have fallen sharply across the continent, a decline widely linked to dwindling insect prey.

Source: USGS North American Breeding Bird Survey, retrieved 2026-05-22. Trend is a route-weighted relative-abundance index, not an absolute population.