Species · BBS 2025 Release · 1966–2024

Common Merganser

AnatidaeWaterfowlMergus merganser

Common Merganser has surged: up 14× on the route-weighted index since 1968.

About the Common Merganser

The Common Merganser (Mergus merganser) is a North American member of the Ducks, Geese & Waterfowl (Anatidae). In this analysis it is grouped with the waterfowl.

Size
12–43.5 in long (30–110 cm) — a medium to large waterfowl (typical for the family)
Habitat
Lakes, ponds, rivers, marshes and sheltered coastal waters.
Diet
Aquatic plants, seeds and invertebrates, dabbled at the surface or dived for.
Range
Recorded on 739 Breeding Bird Survey routes across 29 states, most concentrated in the Northern Rockies.
Family
Anatidae · Waterfowl

Notable Common Merganser TrendsNotable signalsLong-arc shifts the engine flags automatically — sustained declines or increases large enough to stand out from year-to-year noise.Full methodology →

No notable trend signals for Common Merganser. See the full index history below.

Common Merganser Population Forecast

If the recent trend holds, Common Merganser is projected to rise about 79% by 2029 — from 0.09 in 2024 to a central estimate of 0.16 (95% range 0.09–0.23). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±73.8%, with 20% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.

If the recent trend holds, Common Merganser is projected to rise about 79% by 2029 — from 0.09 in 2024 to a central estimate of 0.16 (95% range 0.09–0.23). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±73.8%, with 20% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.19662029
Projection of the recent trend (dashed) with 80/95% bands — a projection, not a prediction. Habitat, climate, and land use are not modeled.
YearProjected indexProjected indexThe central forecast of the abundance index if the recent trend continues. A projection of the current trajectory, not a prediction.Full methodology →95% low95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →95% high95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →
20250.150.080.23
20260.160.080.23
20270.160.090.23
20280.160.090.23
20290.160.090.23

Where the Common Merganser Is Detected

BBS routes recording Common Merganser, sized by most recent count.

Common Merganser Population Trend by State

Common Merganser population trend by state.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Alaska-87%198352
Arizonainsufficient datan/a1
California-53%197068
Colorado+232%198044
Connecticut-15%19927
Idaho-67%197331
Maine+67%197642
Marylandinsufficient datan/a3
Massachusetts-8%20026
Michigan-18%198126
Minnesota-16%198321
Montana+313%197544
Nevada+9%19915
New Hampshire+130%197612
New Jersey-1%19916
New Mexicoinsufficient datan/a3
New York+379%196961
North Dakotainsufficient datan/a1
Ohioinsufficient datan/a1
Oregon-28%197164
Pennsylvania+935%197854
South Dakotainsufficient datan/a2
Utah-38%19959
Vermont+202%197718
Virginiainsufficient datan/a6
Washington-3%197153
West Virginiainsufficient datan/a13
Wisconsin+137%197227
Wyoming+51%197759

Common Merganser Population Trend by Region

Bird Conservation Regions are the ecological unit for trends.

Common Merganser population trend by Bird Conservation Region.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
BCR 2-79%199410
BCR 4+320%198719
Northern Pacific Rainforest-45%1970107
Great Basin+42%197159
Northern Rockies+99%1970120
Boreal Hardwood Transition+113%197363
Lower Great Lakes / St. Lawrence Plain-6%198927
Atlantic Northern Forest+168%196990
Sierra Nevada+84%197217
Southern Rockies / Colorado Plateau+235%197554
Badlands and Prairies+12%197923
Prairie Hardwood Transition+76%19799
Appalachian Mountains19×197799
New England / Mid-Atlantic Coast-60%19928
Coastal California-29%197822

Common Merganser Conservation Status

Our route-weighted index shows it up about 1312% since 1968.

Source: USGS North American Breeding Bird Survey, retrieved 2026-05-22. Trend is a route-weighted relative-abundance index, not an absolute population.