BirdAnalyst
Species · BBS 2025 Release · 1966–2024

Smooth-billed Ani

CuculidaeForest birdsCrotophaga ani

Smooth-billed Ani has collapsed: down 94% on the route-weighted index since 1969.

-94%Since 1969TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →
12RoutesSurvey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
26Years SurveyedYears surveyedNumber of years with at least one standard-protocol run in this geography. A longer record makes the trend more reliable.Full methodology →

About the Smooth-billed Ani

The Smooth-billed Ani (Crotophaga ani) is a North American member of the Cuckoos, Roadrunners & Anis (Cuculidae). In this analysis it is grouped with the forest birds.

Size
10.5–22 in long (27–56 cm) — a slender, long-tailed bird (typical for the family)
Habitat
Woodlands and forest edges, including wooded suburbs and parks.
Diet
Insects and spiders gleaned from foliage and bark, with seeds and berries in season.
Range
Recorded on 12 Breeding Bird Survey routes across 1 state, most concentrated in the Peninsular Florida.
Family
Cuculidae · Forest birds

Notable Smooth-billed Ani TrendsNotable signalsLong-arc shifts the engine flags automatically — sustained declines or increases large enough to stand out from year-to-year noise.Full methodology →

No notable trend signals for Smooth-billed Ani. See the full index history below.

Smooth-billed Ani Population Forecast

If the recent trend holds, Smooth-billed Ani is projected to stay roughly flat through 2020, near 0.00 (95% range 0.00–0.01). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±481.5%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.

n/aChange by 2020TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →
0.00Projected 2020 indexProjected indexThe central forecast of the abundance index if the recent trend continues. A projection of the current trajectory, not a prediction.Full methodology →
0.00–0.0195% range95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →
±481.5%Backtest errorBacktest errorTypical error when we hold out the most recent years, forecast them, and compare to what actually happened. Lower means a more trustworthy projection.Full methodology →
If the recent trend holds, Smooth-billed Ani is projected to stay roughly flat through 2020, near 0.00 (95% range 0.00–0.01). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±481.5%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.19672020
Projection of the recent trend (dashed) with 80/95% bands — a projection, not a prediction. Habitat, climate, and land use are not modeled.
YearProjected indexProjected indexThe central forecast of the abundance index if the recent trend continues. A projection of the current trajectory, not a prediction.Full methodology →95% low95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →95% high95% rangeThe 95% uncertainty band around the projection at the forecast horizon. The true value should land inside it most of the time.Full methodology →
20160.000.000.01
20170.000.000.01
20180.000.000.01
20190.000.000.01
20200.000.000.01

Where the Smooth-billed Ani Is Detected

BBS routes recording Smooth-billed Ani, sized by most recent count.

Smooth-billed Ani Population Trend by State

Smooth-billed Ani population trend by state.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Florida-94%196912

Smooth-billed Ani Population Trend by Region

Bird Conservation Regions are the ecological unit for trends.

Smooth-billed Ani population trend by Bird Conservation Region.
TrendPercent change in the route-weighted abundance index between a smoothed baseline window and the most recent one. It tracks direction, not absolute population.Full methodology →Baseline yearThe first year of the smoothed window the trend is measured from. An earlier baseline means a longer record stands behind the number.Full methodology →Survey routesHow many standard-protocol BBS routes contributed counts. More routes means a steadier, better-sampled index; very thin coverage is suppressed.Full methodology →
Peninsular Florida-95%196912

Smooth-billed Ani Conservation Status

Our route-weighted index shows it down about 94% since 1969.

Source: USGS North American Breeding Bird Survey, retrieved 2026-05-22. Trend is a route-weighted relative-abundance index, not an absolute population.