Species · BBS 2025 Release · 1966–2024

Gray Vireo

Gray Vireo has surged: up 386% on the route-weighted index since 1970.

+386%Since 1970
137Routes
56Years Surveyed

About the Gray Vireo

The Gray Vireo (Vireo vicinior) is a North American member of the Vireos (Vireonidae). In this analysis it is grouped with the forest birds.

Size
4.5–6 in long (11–15 cm) — a small, deliberate songbird (typical for the family)
Habitat
Woodlands and forest edges, including wooded suburbs and parks.
Diet
Insects and spiders gleaned from foliage and bark, with seeds and berries in season.
Range
Recorded on 137 Breeding Bird Survey routes across 7 states, most concentrated in the Southern Rockies / Colorado Plateau.
Family
Vireonidae · Forest birds

Notable Gray Vireo Trends

No notable trend signals for Gray Vireo. See the full index history below.

Gray Vireo Population Forecast

If the recent trend holds, Gray Vireo is projected to rise about 11% by 2029 — from 0.06 in 2024 to a central estimate of 0.07 (95% range 0.05–0.09). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±25.1%, with 60% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.

+11%Change by 2029
0.07Projected 2029 index
0.050.0995% range
±25.1%Backtest error
19682029
Projection of the recent trend (dashed) with 80/95% bands — a projection, not a prediction. Habitat, climate, and land use are not modeled.
YearProjected index95% low95% high
20250.070.040.09
20260.070.040.09
20270.070.050.09
20280.070.050.09
20290.070.050.09

Where the Gray Vireo Is Detected

BBS routes recording Gray Vireo, sized by most recent count.

Gray Vireo Population Trend by State

Gray Vireo population trend by state.
Arizona+12%197024
California-83%19793
Colorado+374%197625
Nevadainsufficient datan/a4
New Mexico+206%197724
Texas+67%199012
Utah+13%197445

Gray Vireo Population Trend by Region

Bird Conservation Regions are the ecological unit for trends.

Gray Vireo population trend by Bird Conservation Region.
Great Basin+192%199810
Southern Rockies / Colorado Plateau+96%197085
Sierra Madre Occidental-11%197516
Chihuahuan Desert+148%199413

Gray Vireo Conservation Status

Our route-weighted index shows it up about 386% since 1970.

Source: USGS North American Breeding Bird Survey, retrieved 2026-05-22. Trend is a route-weighted relative-abundance index, not an absolute population.