Species · BBS 2025 Release · 1966–2024

Spotted Owl

StrigidaeBirds of preyStrix occidentalis

Spotted Owl has fallen sharply: down 64% on the route-weighted index since 1975.

-64%Since 1975
27Routes
34Years Surveyed

About the Spotted Owl

The Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis) is a North American member of the Owls (Strigidae). In this analysis it is grouped with the birds of prey.

Size
5–27.5 in long (13–70 cm) — a nocturnal raptor (typical for the family)
Habitat
Open country, woodlands, cliffs and wetlands, hunting from the air or a high perch.
Diet
Live prey — small mammals, birds, reptiles, fish and large insects (carrion for vultures).
Range
Recorded on 27 Breeding Bird Survey routes across 4 states, most concentrated in the Sierra Nevada.
Family
Strigidae · Birds of prey

Notable Spotted Owl Trends

No notable trend signals for Spotted Owl. See the full index history below.

Spotted Owl Population Forecast

If the recent trend holds, Spotted Owl is projected to stay roughly flat through 2028, near 0.00 (95% range 0.00–0.00). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±32.1%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.

n/aChange by 2028
0.00Projected 2028 index
0.000.0095% range
±32.1%Backtest error
19712028
Projection of the recent trend (dashed) with 80/95% bands — a projection, not a prediction. Habitat, climate, and land use are not modeled.
YearProjected index95% low95% high
20240.000.000.00
20250.000.000.00
20260.000.000.00
20270.000.000.00
20280.000.000.00

Where the Spotted Owl Is Detected

BBS routes recording Spotted Owl, sized by most recent count.

Spotted Owl Population Trend by State

Spotted Owl population trend by state.
Arizonainsufficient datan/a3
California-62%197517
Oregoninsufficient datan/a5
Washingtoninsufficient datan/a2

Spotted Owl Population Trend by Region

Bird Conservation Regions are the ecological unit for trends.

Spotted Owl population trend by Bird Conservation Region.
Sierra Nevada-82%19756

Spotted Owl Conservation Status

Our route-weighted index shows it down about 64% since 1975.

Source: USGS North American Breeding Bird Survey, retrieved 2026-05-22. Trend is a route-weighted relative-abundance index, not an absolute population.