Species · BBS 2025 Release · 1966–2024

Hermit Warbler

ParulidaeForest birdsSetophaga occidentalis

Hermit Warbler has surged: up 333% on the route-weighted index since 1970.

+333%Since 1970
195Routes
56Years Surveyed

About the Hermit Warbler

The Hermit Warbler (Setophaga occidentalis) is a North American member of the Wood-Warblers (Parulidae). In this analysis it is grouped with the forest birds.

Size
4.5–5.5 in long (11–14 cm) — a small, active songbird (typical for the family)
Habitat
Woodlands and forest edges, including wooded suburbs and parks.
Diet
Insects and spiders gleaned from foliage and bark, with seeds and berries in season.
Range
Recorded on 195 Breeding Bird Survey routes across 3 states, most concentrated in the Northern Pacific Rainforest.
Family
Parulidae · Forest birds

Notable Hermit Warbler Trends

long arc increasecomputed index

Hermit Warbler has surged in surveyed states: up 333% on the route-weighted index since 1970.

Hermit Warbler Population Forecast

If the recent trend holds, Hermit Warbler is projected to rise about 50% by 2029 — from 0.31 in 2024 to a central estimate of 0.46 (95% range 0.27–0.66). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±45.5%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.

+50%Change by 2029
0.46Projected 2029 index
0.270.6695% range
±45.5%Backtest error
19682029
Projection of the recent trend (dashed) with 80/95% bands — a projection, not a prediction. Habitat, climate, and land use are not modeled.
YearProjected index95% low95% high
20250.450.250.64
20260.450.250.65
20270.450.260.65
20280.460.260.66
20290.460.270.66

Where the Hermit Warbler Is Detected

BBS routes recording Hermit Warbler, sized by most recent count.

Hermit Warbler Population Trend by State

Hermit Warbler population trend by state.
California+446%1970109
Oregon+45%197059
Washington+1%197127

Hermit Warbler Population Trend by Region

Bird Conservation Regions are the ecological unit for trends.

Hermit Warbler population trend by Bird Conservation Region.
Northern Pacific Rainforest+57%1970104
Great Basin+14%197324
Sierra Nevada+109%197138
Coastal California+286%197323

Hermit Warbler Conservation Status

Our route-weighted index shows it up about 333% since 1970.

Source: USGS North American Breeding Bird Survey, retrieved 2026-05-22. Trend is a route-weighted relative-abundance index, not an absolute population.