Species · BBS 2025 Release · 1966–2024

Black Rail

RallidaeWetland birdsLaterallus jamaicensis

Black Rail has no long-term trend on record.

n/aSince n/a
13Routes
30Years Surveyed

About the Black Rail

The Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis) is a North American member of the Rails, Gallinules & Coots (Rallidae). In this analysis it is grouped with the wetland birds.

Size
6–19 in long (15–48 cm) — a marsh-dwelling waterbird (typical for the family)
Habitat
Marshes, ponds, lakeshores and other freshwater wetlands.
Diet
Aquatic invertebrates, small fish, frogs and plant matter.
Range
Recorded on 13 Breeding Bird Survey routes across 9 states, most concentrated in the Gulf Coastal Prairie.
Family
Rallidae · Wetland birds

Notable Black Rail Trends

No notable trend signals for Black Rail. See the full index history below.

Black Rail Population Forecast

If the recent trend holds, Black Rail is projected to stay roughly flat through 2029, near 0.00 (95% range 0.00–0.00). A 5-year backtest shows a typical error of ±26.5%, with 100% of held-out values landing inside the 95% band.

n/aChange by 2029
0.00Projected 2029 index
0.000.0095% range
±26.5%Backtest error
19752029
Projection of the recent trend (dashed) with 80/95% bands — a projection, not a prediction. Habitat, climate, and land use are not modeled.
YearProjected index95% low95% high
20250.000.000.00
20260.000.000.00
20270.000.000.00
20280.000.000.00
20290.000.000.00

Where the Black Rail Is Detected

BBS routes recording Black Rail, sized by most recent count.

Black Rail Population Trend by State

Black Rail population trend by state.
Alabamainsufficient datan/a1
Arizonainsufficient datan/a1
Californiainsufficient datan/a1
Coloradoinsufficient datan/a1
Floridainsufficient datan/a1
Kansasinsufficient datan/a1
Marylandinsufficient datan/a1
North Carolinainsufficient datan/a2
Texas+74%19974

Black Rail Population Trend by Region

Bird Conservation Regions are the ecological unit for trends.

Black Rail population trend by Bird Conservation Region.
Gulf Coastal Prairie+71%19974

Black Rail Conservation Status

Black Rail is tracked across BBS survey routes; no formal conservation-status flag is recorded here.

Source: USGS North American Breeding Bird Survey, retrieved 2026-05-22. Trend is a route-weighted relative-abundance index, not an absolute population.